Otomasi Nilai Mahasiswa dengan Python: Pengalaman Praktis Anak Sistem Informasi

pip install tabulate

import csv
from tabulate import tabulate
# Konstanta Bobot
BOBOT_HADIR = 0.10
BOBOT_TUGAS = 0.20
BOBOT_UTS = 0.30
BOBOT_UAS = 0.40
# --- Simulasi Data (Biasanya ini dari CSV atau DB) ---
data_mahasiswa = [
    {"nim": "101", "nama": "Andi Pratama", "hadir": 90, "tugas": 85, "uts": 80, "uas": 90},
    {"nim": "102", "nama": "Budi Santoso", "hadir": 40, "tugas": 70, "uts": 60, "uas": 55},
    {"nim": "103", "nama": "Citra Dewi", "hadir": 100, "tugas": 90, "uts": 85, "uas": 95},
    {"nim": "104", "nama": "Dedi Kurniawan", "hadir": 80, "tugas": 50, "uts": 45, "uas": 40},
    {"nim": "105", "nama": "Eka Sari", "hadir": 75, "tugas": 0, "uts": 30, "uas": 20},
    # Data 'Jebakan' buat ngetes validasi
    {"nim": "106", "nama": "Fajar Nugroho", "hadir": "A", "tugas": 80, "uts": 70, "uas": 85}
]
def validasi_nilai(nilai, nim, field):
    """
    Fungsi ini saya buat se-spesifik mungkin.
    Kalo ada input yang nggak beres, fungsi ini bakal ngasih warning dan return None.
    """
    try:
        val = float(nilai)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        print(f"[SISTEM] NIM {nim} - Field '{field}' berisi teks ('{nilai}'), BUKAN ANGKA. Data ini dilewati.")
        return None
    if val < 0 or val > 100:
        print(f"[SISTEM] NIM {nim} - Field '{field}' nilainya {val} (di luar 0-100). Data ini dilewati.")
        return None
    return val
def hitung_grade(na):
    if na >= 85:
        return "A"
    elif na >= 70:
        return "B"
    elif na >= 60:
        return "C"
    elif na >= 50:
        return "D"
    else:
        return "E"
def proses_data(data):
    laporan = []
    for mhs in data:
        nim = mhs.get("nim", "Unknown")
        nama = mhs.get("nama", "Unknown")
        # Panggil fungsi validasi
        hadir = validasi_nilai(mhs.get("hadir"), nim, "Hadir")
        tugas = validasi_nilai(mhs.get("tugas"), nim, "Tugas")
        uts = validasi_nilai(mhs.get("uts"), nim, "UTS")
        uas = validasi_nilai(mhs.get("uas"), nim, "UAS")
        # Skip jika ada nilai yang None (tidak valid)
        if None in [hadir, tugas, uts, uas]:
            print(f"⚠️  Data {nama} ({nim}) dilewati karena tidak valid.\n")
            continue
        # Eksekusi hitungan
        nilai_akhir = (hadir * BOBOT_HADIR) + (tugas * BOBOT_TUGAS) + (uts * BOBOT_UTS) + (uas * BOBOT_UAS)
        nilai_akhir = round(nilai_akhir, 2)
        grade = hitung_grade(nilai_akhir)
        laporan.append({
            "NIM": nim,
            "Nama": nama,
            "Hadir": hadir,
            "Tugas": tugas,
            "UTS": uts,
            "UAS": uas,
            "Nilai Akhir": nilai_akhir,
            "Grade": grade
        })
    return laporan
def tampilkan_laporan(laporan):
    if not laporan:
        print("Nggak ada data valid yang bisa ditampilkan.")
        return
    print("\n" + "="*75)
    print("📊  LAPORAN REKAP NILAI AKHIR (OTOMATIS)  📊")
    print("="*75)
    headers = laporan[0].keys()
    table_data = [list(item.values()) for item in laporan]
    # Pakai 'grid' biar keliatan kayak tabel di jurnal
    print(tabulate(table_data, headers=headers, tablefmt="grid", numalign="center", stralign="center"))
    print("="*75 + "\n")
    # Save ke CSV. Kenapa CSV? Karena dosen saya sukanya buka pake Excel.
    with open('laporan_nilai_final.csv', 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=headers)
        writer.writeheader()
        writer.writerows(laporan)
      
    print("--Proyek Alya Salsabila--")
    print("✅ Laporan berhasil diexport ke 'laporan_nilai_final.csv' (bisa dibuka pake Excel)")
# --- JALANKAN SKRIP ---
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("🚀 Menjalankan sistem otomasi nilai...")
    hasil = proses_data(data_mahasiswa)
    tampilkan_laporan(hasil)

[SISTEM] NIM 106 - Field 'Hadir' berisi teks ('A'), BUKAN ANGKA. Data ini dilewati.
⚠️  Data Fajar Nugroho (106) dilewati karena tidak valid.
===========================================================================
📊  LAPORAN REKAP NILAI AKHIR (OTOMATIS)  📊
===========================================================================
+-------+----------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----------------+---------+
| NIM   | Nama           | Hadir   | Tugas   | UTS     | UAS     |   Nilai Akhir | Grade   |
+=======+================+=========+=========+=========+=========+===============+=========+
| 101   | Andi Pratama   | 90      | 85      | 80      | 90      |         86.5  | A       |
+-------+----------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 102   | Budi Santoso   | 40      | 70      | 60      | 55      |         59    | E       |
+-------+----------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 103   | Citra Dewi     | 100     | 90      | 85      | 95      |         91.5  | A       |
+-------+----------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 104   | Dedi Kurniawan | 80      | 50      | 45      | 40      |         48.5  | E       |
+-------+----------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 105   | Eka Sari       | 75      | 0       | 30      | 20      |         23.5  | E       |
+-------+----------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----------------+---------+
===========================================================================
✅ Laporan berhasil diexport ke 'laporan_nilai_final.csv' (bisa dibuka pake Excel)